The other day, I had the distinct privilege of participating in a Strafford CLE on various aspects of ascertainability.  I was supposed to co-present with fellow blogger Russell Jackson, but he had a last-minute conflict.  His colleague Hayden Coleman (this one, not this one) ably filled in.  

I’ve attached a late draft of the slides I used for those curious about fail-safe classes or why you can’t just amend a class definition to get around its flaws.  I hope you find them helpful.